The IRS isn’t allowed to put the bite on every dollar that finds its way into a taxpayer’s pocket. The following is a list of what’s exempt from taxation.
• Gain on the sale of your home. If you buy a new home within two years before or after you sell the old one, no tax is generally owed on the gain if the new home costs at least as much as the amount you got for the old one. If you (or your spouse) are at least 55 years old, any gain up to $125,000 is tax-free. (You must have owned and lived in the home for at least three years out of the last five.)
• Gifts you receive. Any gift tax is payable by the person who makes the gift. The recipient gets the gift free and clear of tax.
• Money you borrow. Normally, borrowing is not a taxable transaction. But you’ll be taxed if you borrow from your IRA, if you borrow more than $50,000 (or half your account) from your company pension fund, or, in some cases, if you get an interest-free loan from your company or a family member.
• IRA rollovers. No tax is payable on a lump sum distribution that is received from a company pension plan if you put it into an IRA within 60 days. You can also take money tax-free from your IRA if you roll it over within 60 days into another IRA.
• Inheritances. Beneficiaries don’t pay fed- eral income tax on anything they inherit. Moreover, if you inherit property that has increased in value, you receive it at its “stepped, up” estate value. You would then use this value, rather than the original cost, to calculate your taxable gain if you sold the property.
• Life insurance proceeds. The beneficiary gets the full amount income-tax-free. But the estate may be liable for estate tax on the proceeds
• Property settlements between spouses in divorce or separation proceedings. The recip ient owes no tax at the time property is transferred. (There may be a tax later if property is sold at a gain.)
• Child-support payments. They are tax-free to the recipient. Alimony payments to a spouse or ex-spouse, however, are taxable to the recipient.
• Money recovered in lawsuits for personal injuries or defamation of character. But money recovered to compensate you for lost wages or other income is taxable.
• Workers Compensation payments.
• Disability payments from accident and health insurance plans. The payments are tax-free if you paid for the insurance, but taxable if your employer paid the premiums.
• Federal income tax refunds. (But any interest the IRS pays you on a late refund is taxable.)
• State income tax refunds, provided you didn’t itemize deductions on your federal return for that year.
• Municipal bond interest. Generally, it’s exempt from federal income tax and sometimes from state and local tax as well. However, interest from some “private purpose” municipal bonds is subject to the alternative minimum tax. And, municipal bond interest is taken into account in figuring your income level to determine whether any of your Social Security benefits are taxable.
• ”Like-kind” property exchanges—swaps of tangible property or real estate are tax-free if the properties are of similar nature.
• Vacation home rental. If you rent your vacation place out for 14 days or less, the income is not taxed.
• Kids’ wages. Dependent children can earn up to $3,000 tax-free.
• Kids’ investment income. Dependent children can receive up to $500 of unearned income tax-free (dividends, interest, etc.).
• Scholarships and fellowships granted on or before August 16, 1986, to candidates for degrees, are tax-free. But if granted after that date they are tax-free only to the extent they are used to cover tuition, fees, books, and course equipment. Grants for room and board, etc., are taxable.
• Fringe benefits from your employer. Examples: Health insurance, pension contributions, up to $50,000 of life insurance coverage, up to $5,000 of death benefits, certain child and dependent care, legal services undergroup plans, and supper money.
• Meals and lodging, if furnished by your employer for the employer’s convenience—for example, to enable the employee to remain at the workplace.
• Private annuities. The payments are partially excludable from tax based on an interest-rate factor, the asset exchanged, and the life expectancy of the person receiving the asset. How they work: They are usually arranged by individuals who are not in the business of issuing annuities. One person makes periodic annuity payments in exchange for the other person’s assets. Example: A father owns a business worth $2 million. He wants to transfer the business to his daughter. So, he sells the business to his daughter and the daughter promises to pay a certain amount (based on IRS tables) to her father for the rest of his life, no matter how long he lives. Loophole: On the father’s death, the unpaid portion of the purchase price is not taxed.






